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通常病毒在离开宿主以后在物体表面存活的时间很短（几秒钟到几个小时）。而且，不同的病毒传播方式不一样。这个病毒和人的流感病毒特性极为相似，经由呼吸系统传播，不经消化道传播。只要注意空气和呼吸才是有效的预防。每有吃了患有流感的猪肉而生病的病例记载。避食猪肉是没有必要的。蔬菜就更不用担心了。
打喷嚏的时候挡住口鼻，避开他人。如果有类似感冒的症状，保险起见，说话也要和别人保持距离。在公共场合戴口罩是最有效的防卫措施。
如下是从网上找来的一小段CNN的Chief Medical Correspondent Dr Sanjay Gupta blog 内容供参考。
How are symptoms different from a common flu?
Posted: 06:00 AM ET
This morning, CNN answers questions from viewers who are concerned about symptoms and their travel history. As we learn more about the swine flu, we are using CNN’s newsgathering resources to help answer some of our viewers’ most frequently asked questions.
Q: How can you tell whether you have a common flu or swine flu?
CNN: The symptoms of the current swine flu and seasonal flu are very similar. Reports suggest that this flu virus may result in nausea, vomiting and diarrhea more often than the typical flu. CNN’s Dr. Sanjay Gupta says doctors in Mexico have reported seeing sudden dizziness as well. There’s no way to tell for sure without getting tested. If you’re feverish or have other flu-like symptoms such as a cough or a sore throat, you should see a doctor.
One positive aspect is that the swine flu cases appeared near the end of influenza season, Dr. Richard Besser, the acting CDC director told a news conference Tuesday. Had the outbreak occurred in January or February, public health officials would have had greater difficulty because of the number of people infected with the common flu.
Q: My family returned from Mexico this week. We aren’t sick, but aren’t sure if we should stay away from other people. Can we spread the virus even if we feel ok?
CNN: In general, people who are not sick probably do not put other people at risk, said Dr. Arthur Reingold, head of epidemiology in the School of Public Health at the University of California, Berkeley. There is no recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the World Health Organization that they should be quarantined.
Q: Will the current economic situation make the swine flu outbreak worse because of unemployment or uninsured Americans who may delay going to the doctor because of their current financial situation?
CNN: If more people go untreated because they lack insurance or the money to pay to see a doctor, it would likely cause those people to become sicker than they would have been otherwise. Lack of care would not affect the spread of the disease if those people remained isolated and avoided close contact with others, as the CDC has recommended.
Q: How long can the virus survive on objects? If someone sneezes and touches a grocery cart how will that cart carry the virus?
CNN: The virus survives on surfaces certainly for a number of hours. Even though the virus can survive on surfaces, the likelihood of it being transmitted from one person to another via a phone or surface is slim. It needs to get down into your lungs to make you sick, said Dr. Arthur Reingold, head of epidemiology in the School of Public Health at the University of California, Berkeley. “I personally would not have a major fear of environmental contamination,” he said. “Virtually all influenza is transmitted from sneezing and coughing.”
Q Is it still safe to eat pork?
CNN: Yes, pork is safe to eat. You cannot catch swine flu from food, according to U.S. Department of Agriculture scientists. Also, there is no evidence touching raw pork infected with the virus poses a risk, the USDA says. Cooking pork to an internal temperature of 160 degrees kills all viruses.
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